[2026] PTE Academic Reading - Multiple Choice, Multiple Answers

Urban heat islands (UHIs) are localized areas where city temperatures are significantly higher than surrounding rural regions.This temperature differential is largely driven by the replacement of natural vegetation with heat-absorbing materials like asphalt and concrete.During the day, these surfaces trap solar radiation, and at night, they slowly release the stored heat, preventing the city from cooling down.The lack of natural shade and reduced rates of evapotranspiration from plants exacerbate this phenomenon.To mitigate the UHI effect, city planners are increasingly turning to green infrastructure, such as rooftop gardens and the planting of urban forests.These natural solutions not only provide cooling but also improve overall air quality and resident well-being.