[2026] PTE Academic Reading - Multiple Choice, Multiple Answers

Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent.This agricultural technique allows for precise control over the nutrients, pH levels, and temperature that plants receive, leading to faster growth rates compared to traditional farming.One of the most significant advantages of hydroponics is its efficiency in water usage, as water can be recycled and reused within a closed system.This makes it an ideal solution for regions with arid climates or limited arable land.Furthermore, by growing crops in controlled indoor environments, farmers can eliminate the need for chemical pesticides and reduce the risk of soil-borne diseases.Vertical farming systems often utilize hydroponics to maximize space in urban areas, allowing fresh produce to be grown closer to consumers.However, the initial setup costs for hydroponic facilities can be quite high due to the specialized equipment and technology required.Additionally, the system is highly dependent on electricity to power pumps, lights, and climate control units.A power failure or a technical malfunction in the nutrient delivery system can lead to rapid plant death since there is no soil to act as a buffer.Despite these challenges, the scalability and year-round production capabilities of hydroponics make it a vital tool for future global food security.